(1) .Mgbochi plastik
Na China,
N'afọ 2022, a ga-ebelata oriri nke ngwaahịa rọba ndị a na-atụfu n'otu n'otu, a ga-akwalite ngwaahịa ndị ọzọ, na oke nke ihe mkpofu rọba ejiri dị ka akụrụngwa na ike ga-abawanye nke ukwuu.
Ka ọ na-erule 2025, usoro nlekọta maka mmepụta, mgbasa ozi, oriri, mweghachi na mkpofu ngwaahịa rọba ga-abụ nke eguzobe n'ụzọ bụ isi, a ga-ebelata ọnụ ọgụgụ mkpofu rọba na ebe a na-ekpofu ahịhịa na obodo ndị bụ isi, a ga-achịkwa mmetọ rọba nke ọma.
NA China – N'April 10, 2020, mpaghara Heilongjiang malitere ịrịọ echiche maka ụkpụrụ nhazi nke mkpofu ụlọ obodo.
Na A
1.Degradation
N'ịbụ ndị ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi na-emetụta, mgbe oge ụfọdụ gasịrị na gụnyere otu nzọụkwụ ma ọ bụ karịa, nhazi ahụ na-enwe mgbanwe dị ukwuu na mfu arụmọrụ (dịka iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe, ihe gbasara molecular mass, nhazi ma ọ bụ ike ọrụ).
2. Biodegradation
Mmebi nke ihe omume ndu kpatara, ọkachasị omume nke enzymes, na-ebute mgbanwe dị ukwuu na nhazi kemịkalụ nke ihe.
Dị ka ihe na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-emebi ihe site na microorganisms ma ọ bụ ụfọdụ n'ime ihe ndị dị ka isi iyi na-edozi ahụ, ọ na-ebute nhụsianya dị mma, ịrụ ọrụ, dị ka arụmọrụ anụ ahụ na-adaba, na-emecha mee ka ihe ahụ ghọọ ogige ma ọ bụ ihe dị mfe karị, dị ka carbon dioxide (CO2). ) ma ọ bụ/na methane (CH4), mmiri (H2O) na inorganic salts nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ya, na biomass ọhụrụ.
3. Ultimate aerobic biodegradation
N'okpuru ọnọdụ ikuku, n'ikpeazụ, ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emecha ghọọ carbon dioxide (CO2), mmiri (H2O) na salts inorganic salts nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ya, na ihe ọhụrụ biomass.
4.Ultimate anaerobic biodegradation
N'okpuru ọnọdụ anoxic, ihe microorganisms na-emesị mebie ya ka ọ bụrụ carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), mmiri (H2O) na salts inorganic salts nke ihe ndị dị na ya na biomass ọhụrụ.
5.Ikike ọgwụgwọ ndu-ngwọta ndu (ngwọta ndu)
Ike nke ihe a ga-etinye n'okpuru ọnọdụ ikuku ma ọ bụ gbarie ndụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ anaerobic.
6. Mbibi-emebi (mmebi)
Mgbanwe na-adịgide adịgide na mfu nke ihe anụ ahụ nke plastik gosipụtara n'ihi mmebi nke akụkụ ụfọdụ.
7.Disintegration
Ihe ahụ na-agbaji n'anụ ahụ gaa n'iberibe ndị mara mma.
8.Compost (compost)
Organic ala conditioner nwetara site na ndu ire ere nke ngwakọta. Ngwakọta bụ tumadi esịnede osisi residues, na mgbe ụfọdụ nwekwara ụfọdụ organic ihe na ụfọdụ inorganic bekee.
9.Composting
Usoro ọgwụgwọ ikuku iji mepụta compost.
10.Compostability-compostability
Ikike nke ihe ga-emebi emebi n'oge usoro nhazi.
Ọ bụrụ na ekwupụta ikike compost, a ga-ekwupụta na ihe ahụ nwere ike ịdị ndụ ma nwee ike ịgbasa na sistemu composting (dị ka egosiri na usoro nnwale ọkọlọtọ), ma bụrụkwa ihe na-emebi emebi na njedebe ikpeazụ nke compost. Compost ga-emezurịrị ụkpụrụ ịdị mma dabara adaba, dị ka igwe dị arọ dị ala, enweghị nsi nke ndu, yana enweghị ihe mpụta doro anya nwere ike ịpụta.
11.Degradable plastic (plastic degradable)
N'okpuru ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi akọwapụtara, mgbe oge gachara ma nwee otu ma ọ bụ karịa usoro, a na-agbanwe usoro kemịkalụ nke ihe ahụ na ihe ụfọdụ (dị ka iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe, mkpokọta molecular, Ọdịdị ma ọ bụ ike igwe) na-efunahụ na / ma ọ bụ plastik. agbajiwo. Ekwesịrị iji ụzọ nnwale ọkọlọtọ nke nwere ike igosipụta mgbanwe na arụmọrụ maka nnwale, yana otu a kwesịrị ikpebi dabere na ọnọdụ mmebi na okirikiri ojiji.
Hụ plastik ndị nwere ike imebi; plastik compotable; plastik nwere ike imebi okpomọkụ; plastik nwere ike imebi.
12.Biodegradable plastic (plastic biodegradable)
N'okpuru eke ọnọdụ dị ka ala na / ma ọ bụ ájá ájá, na / ma ọ bụ kpọmkwem ọnọdụ ndị dị ka composting ọnọdụ ma ọ bụ anaerobic mgbaze ọnọdụ ma ọ bụ na aqueous omenala mmiri mmiri, mmebi na-akpata site na omume nke microorganisms na ọdịdị, na n'ikpeazụ kpamkpam degraded n'ime carbon dioxide. CO2) ma ọ bụ/na methane (CH4), mmiri (H2O) na salts inorganic salts nke ihe ndị dị n'ime ya, yana plastik ọhụrụ biomass.
Lee: Plastics na-emebi emebi.
13.Heat- na / ma ọ bụ oxide- plastik (okpomọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na / ma ọ bụ oxide-plastic deradable)
Plastics na-emebi emebi n'ihi okpomọkụ na / ma ọ bụ oxidation.
Lee: Plastics na-emebi emebi.
14. Mpempe akwụkwọ mpempe akwụkwọ nke na-ese foto (obere mpempe akwụkwọ nke na-ese foto)
Plastics na-emebi emebi site na omume nke ìhè anyanwụ.
Lee: Plastics na-emebi emebi.
15.compostable plastic
A plastic nke nwere ike degraded na disintegrated n'okpuru composting ọnọdụ n'ihi ndu mmeghachi omume usoro, na n'ikpeazụ kpamkpam decomposed n'ime carbon dioxide (CO2), mmiri (H2O) na mineralized inorganic salts nke ọcha ẹdude n'ime ya, nakwa dị ka ọhụrụ Biomass, na Ọdịnaya igwe dị arọ, nnwale nsi, ihe mkpofu, wdg nke compost ikpeazụ ga-enwerịrị ihe achọrọ nke ụkpụrụ dị mkpa.
Oge nzipu: Mee-18-2021